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World Polity- Part 3

World Polity

1. Which country has the oldest written constitution still in use?

a) France b) United States c) United Kingdom d) Japan

b) The United States Constitution, adopted in 1787 and ratified in 1788, is the oldest written national constitution still in use today. It established the framework for the federal government and is a model for other constitutions worldwide.

2. The term "Glasnost," associated with Mikhail Gorbachev's policies, is best described as:

a) Economic restructuring b) Political openness c) Military expansion d) Cultural revival

b) "Glasnost," meaning "openness" in Russian, was a policy introduced by Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev in the 1980s to increase transparency and freedom of information within the government and society. It was a key element in the liberalization efforts that eventually led to the end of the Soviet Union.

3. Which treaty led to the creation of the European Union?

a) Maastricht Treaty b) Treaty of Rome c) Treaty of Lisbon d) Schengen Agreement

a) The Maastricht Treaty, signed in 1992 and coming into force in 1993, led to the creation of the European Union (EU). It established the three pillars of the EU: the European Communities, Common Foreign and Security Policy, and Justice and Home Affairs.

4. What is the primary purpose of the International Court of Justice (ICJ)?

a) To conduct criminal trials for war crimes b) To settle legal disputes between states c) To regulate international trade d) To monitor human rights violations

b) The International Court of Justice (ICJ), established in 1945 and based in The Hague, Netherlands, is the principal judicial organ of the United Nations. It primarily settles legal disputes between sovereign states and provides advisory opinions on international legal questions.

5. Which country’s political system is based on a concept known as "One Country, Two Systems"?

a) China b) India c) United Kingdom d) South Korea

a) "One Country, Two Systems" is a constitutional principle formulated for the reunification of China during the early 1980s. It refers to the unique governance of Hong Kong and Macau, which, despite being part of China, maintain separate legal and economic systems from mainland China.

6. Which organization was established to promote and protect intellectual property rights worldwide?

a) World Trade Organization (WTO) b) World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) c) International Monetary Fund (IMF) d) United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)

b) The World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations established in 1967. It promotes and protects intellectual property rights worldwide through cooperation among states and various stakeholders.

7. The principle of "Non-Interference in Internal Affairs" is most strongly associated with which international organization?

a) NATO b) European Union c) ASEAN d) African Union

c) The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) adheres to the principle of "Non-Interference in Internal Affairs," which means that member countries do not interfere in each other's domestic issues. This principle is a cornerstone of ASEAN's diplomatic relations and regional stability.

8. Which landmark decision of the U.S. Supreme Court declared racial segregation in public schools unconstitutional?

a) Plessy v. Board of Education b) Marbury v. Madison c) Brown v. Board of Education d) Roe v. Board of Education

c) In 1954, the U.S. Supreme Court decision in Brown v. Board of Education ruled that racial segregation in public schools was unconstitutional, stating that "separate educational facilities are inherently unequal." This decision played a crucial role in the Civil Rights Movement.

9. The term "Iron Curtain," used to describe the division between Eastern and Western Europe during the Cold War, was popularized by which leader?

a) Franklin D. Roosevelt b) Winston Churchill c) Joseph Stalin d) Harry S. Truman

b) The term "Iron Curtain" was popularized by Winston Churchill in a speech delivered in 1946 in Fulton, Missouri, where he described the division between Western democracies and Eastern communist countries during the Cold War.

10. Which political theory argues for the elimination of private property and the establishment of a classless society?

a) Capitalism b) Socialism c) Communism d) Fascism

c) Communism is a political and economic ideology advocating for the elimination of private property and the establishment of a classless society where all property is communally owned, and each person contributes and receives according to their ability and needs.

If any answer found wrong, Please comment.