Science and Technology- Part 2

1. What is the chemical formula for methane?

a) CO₂ b) CH₄ c) NH₃ d) H₂O

b) Methane is a simple hydrocarbon with the chemical formula CH₄, consisting of one carbon atom bonded to four hydrogen atoms. It is a major component of natural gas and a potent greenhouse gas.

2. What is the primary purpose of a capacitor in an electrical circuit?

a) To amplify signals b) To convert AC to DC c) To resist the flow of current d) To store electrical energy

d) A capacitor is a device used to store electrical energy temporarily in an electric field. It is commonly used in electronic circuits to manage power supply fluctuations and filter signals.

3. What is the main function of mitochondria in a cell?

a) Protein synthesis b) Energy production c) DNA replication d) Lipid synthesis

b) Mitochondria are known as the "powerhouses of the cell" because they generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the primary energy currency of the cell, through the process of oxidative phosphorylation.

4. Which technology is primarily used in night-vision devices?

a) Infrared b) X-ray c) Ultraviolet d) Visible light

a) Night-vision devices use infrared technology to detect heat emitted by objects, allowing them to "see" in low-light conditions. Infrared sensors can detect differences in temperature, which are then converted into visible images.

5.What does DNA stand for?

a) Dioxyribonucleic Acid b) Dinucleic Acid c) Deoxyribonucleic Acid d) Deoxyribonitric Acid

c) DNA stands for Deoxyribonucleic Acid, which is the molecule that carries genetic information in living organisms. DNA is composed of two strands that coil around each other to form a double helix.

6. What type of energy transformation occurs in a solar cell?

a) Chemical to electrical b) Electrical to mechanical c) Mechanical to thermal d) Solar (light) to electrical

d) Solar cells, also known as photovoltaic cells, convert light energy from the sun directly into electrical energy through the photovoltaic effect.

7. Which scientist is credited with the law of universal gravitation?

a) Albert Einstein b) Nikola Tesla c) Isaac Newton d) Galileo Galilei

c) Isaac Newton formulated the law of universal gravitation, which states that every mass attracts every other mass in the universe with a force that is proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between their centers.

8. What is the unit of electric resistance?

a) Ampere b) Volt c) Ohm d) Watt

c) The ohm (Ω) is the unit of electrical resistance in the International System of Units (SI). It is named after German physicist Georg Simon Ohm, who formulated Ohm's law.

9. Which part of the electromagnetic spectrum is used in microwave ovens to heat food?

a) Gamma rays b) Ultraviolet c) Infrared d) Microwaves

d) Microwave ovens use microwave radiation to heat food. Microwaves cause water molecules in food to vibrate, producing heat and thus cooking the food.

10. Which programming language is known for its use in web development and was developed by Netscape?

a) Python b) Java c) JavaScript d) C++

c) JavaScript is a programming language commonly used in web development to create interactive effects within web browsers. It was originally developed by Netscape and has become an essential language for the modern web.

If any answer found wrong, Please comment.

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