Science and Technology 4

1. Which particle is believed to mediate the force of gravity in quantum mechanics?

a) Photon b) Gluon c) Graviton d) Higgs boson

c) The graviton is a hypothetical elementary particle that mediates the force of gravity in quantum field theory. While gravitons have not yet been detected, they are postulated in theories that attempt to reconcile quantum mechanics with general relativity.

2. In which year was the first successful demonstration of quantum teleportation achieved?

a) 1993 b) 1995 c) 1997 d) 1999

c) The first successful demonstration of quantum teleportation was achieved in 1997 by a team of physicists led by Anton Zeilinger, Francesco De Martini, and others. Quantum teleportation involves the transfer of quantum states from one location to another without physical transmission of the particle itself.

3. Which biological molecule is most directly responsible for the catalytic activity in ribosomes?

a) DNA b) rRNA c) Protien d) mRNA

b) Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is the primary molecule responsible for the catalytic activity of ribosomes. rRNA facilitates the formation of peptide bonds between amino acids during protein synthesis, acting as a ribozyme.

4. What is the term for the hypothetical energy that is proposed to explain the accelerated expansion of the universe?

a) Dark matter b) Anti-matter c) Dark energy d) Gravitational lensing

c) Dark energy is a form of energy that is hypothesized to permeate all of space and is responsible for the accelerated expansion of the universe. It is a fundamental component of the current cosmological model, accounting for about 68% of the total energy content of the universe.

5. Which type of rock is formed through the cooling and solidification of magma or lava?

a) Sedimentary b) Metamorphic c) Igneous d) Fossiliferous

c) Igneous rocks are formed from the cooling and solidification of magma or lava. Examples of igneous rocks include basalt and granite. They are classified based on their mineral content and the environment of their formation (intrusive or extrusive).

6. What is the primary advantage of using CRISPR-Cas9 technology in genetic engineering?

a) It allows for the extraction of DNA from ancient samples. b) It enables precise, targeted modifications to the DNA sequence. c) It creates hybrid species between different organisms. d) It synthesizes proteins more efficiently.

b) CRISPR-Cas9 technology is a revolutionary tool in genetic engineering that allows scientists to make precise and targeted modifications to the DNA sequence. This technology has applications in gene therapy, agriculture, and the study of genetic diseases.

7. What recent discovery did the Parker Solar Probe make about the Sun?

a) It found new solar wind particles b) It discovered a new solar flare type c) It detected switchbacks in the solar wind d) It identified a new solar cycle

c) The Parker Solar Probe, a NASA mission launched in 2018, made the significant discovery of switchbacks—zigzag-shaped structures in the solar wind. This finding helps scientists better understand the Sun’s behavior and solar wind dynamics.

8. Which law of thermodynamics states that energy cannot be created or destroyed in an isolated system?

a) Zeroth law b) First law c) Second law d) Third law

b) The first law of thermodynamics, also known as the law of energy conservation, states that energy cannot be created or destroyed in an isolated system; it can only be transformed from one form to another.

9. What is the purpose of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN?

a) To generate electricity b) To test nuclear weapons c) To study particle physics by colliding protons d) To produce medical isotopes

c) The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN is the world's largest and most powerful particle accelerator. It is used to study particle physics by colliding protons at high energies to explore fundamental particles and forces, including the search for the Higgs boson.

10. Which element is used in nuclear reactors as a control material due to its high neutron absorption cross-section?

a) Uranium b) Carbon c) Boron d) Lead

c) Boron is commonly used in nuclear reactors as a control material because it has a high neutron absorption cross-section. It helps regulate the fission reaction by absorbing excess neutrons, thereby controlling the reactor's power output.

If any answer found wrong, Please comment.

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