Indian Polity- Part 7

Polity MCQs

1. Which landmark judgment of the Supreme Court ruled that a Constitutional amendment that alters the "Basic Structure" of the Constitution is invalid?

a) A.K. Gopalan v. State of Madras b) Minerva Mills Ltd. v. Union of India c) Indira Nehru Gandhi v. Raj Narain d) S.R. Bommai v. Union of India

b) In the Minerva Mills case (1980), the Supreme Court reaffirmed the "Basic Structure Doctrine" established in the Kesavananda Bharati case, ruling that any amendment that violates the basic structure of the Constitution is invalid.

2.Which Article of the Constitution empowers the Parliament to make laws for the establishment of the Supreme Court?

a) Article 124 b) Article 125 c) Article 126 d) Article 127

a) Article 124 of the Indian Constitution provides for the establishment and constitution of the Supreme Court of India, including the appointment of judges, tenure, and other provisions

3. In which landmark case did the Supreme Court of India uphold the validity of the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989, emphasizing the protection of vulnerable groups?

a) Nandini Sundar v. State of Chhattisgarh b) Subhash Kashinath Mahajan v. State of Maharashtra c) Indra Sawhney v. Union of India d) Navtej Singh Johar v. Union of India

b) In the Subhash Kashinath Mahajan case (2018), the Supreme Court initially diluted some provisions of the SC/ST Act, which led to widespread protests. Later, the Court upheld the Act's validity and stressed the importance of protecting marginalized communities.

4. Which of the following cases is associated with the "Doctrine of Progressive Realization of Rights"?

a) Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India b) Olga Tellis v. Bombay Municipal Corporation c) NALSA v. Union of India d) Vishaka v. State of Rajasthan

c) In NALSA v. Union of India (2014), the Supreme Court recognized the "Doctrine of Progressive Realization of Rights," acknowledging that rights should progressively evolve to ensure full recognition and protection of rights for marginalized groups, including transgender people.

5. Which Constitutional Article empowers the President of India to make regulations for Union Territories?

a) Article 240 b) Article 245 c)Article 250 d) Article 255

a) Article 240 empowers the President of India to make regulations for certain Union Territories. This Article gives the President legislative powers over these territories, which may not have a fully functioning legislative assembly.

6. Which landmark Supreme Court judgment declared the National Judicial Appointments Commission (NJAC) unconstitutional and reaffirmed the Collegium System?

a) S.P. Gupta v. Union of India b) Second Judges Case (1993) c) Third Judges Case (1998) d)Fourth Judges Case (2015)

d) In the Fourth Judges Case (2015), also known as the NJAC case, the Supreme Court struck down the National Judicial Appointments Commission Act, 2014, and reaffirmed the Collegium System for appointing judges to the higher judiciary, stating it was part of the Constitution’s basic structure.

7. Which Article of the Indian Constitution deals with the 'Power of Parliament to make laws for the enforcement of Fundamental Rights'?

a) Article 32 b) Article 33 c) Article 34 d) Article 35

d) Article 35 grants Parliament the exclusive power to make laws for the enforcement of certain fundamental rights, particularly those concerning the security forces and fundamental rights relating to discrimination.

8. Which landmark judgment of the Supreme Court laid down the guidelines for protecting the rights of prisoners and the conditions in which they are kept?

a) Sunil Batra v. Delhi Administration b) Prem Shankar Shukla v. Delhi Administration c) Rudul Sah v. State of Bihar d) D.K. Basu v. State of West Bengal

a) In Sunil Batra v. Delhi Administration (1978), the Supreme Court laid down guidelines for the treatment of prisoners, emphasizing their fundamental rights and ensuring humane conditions of confinement.

9. Which Article of the Indian Constitution provides for the imposition of President’s Rule in states in case of the failure of constitutional machinery?

a) Article 352 b) Article 356 c) Article 360 d)Article 365

b) Article 356 allows the President of India to impose President’s Rule in a state if there is a failure of constitutional machinery, meaning the state government is unable to function according to the provisions of the Constitution.

10. In which landmark case did the Supreme Court recognize that the right to travel abroad is a part of the "Right to Personal Liberty" under Article 21?

a) Satwant Singh Sawhney v. D. Ramarathnam b) Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India c) Kharak Singh v. State of Uttar Pradesh d) Suresh Kumar Koushal v. Naz Foundation

b)In Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India (1978), the Supreme Court expanded the interpretation of Article 21 (Right to Life and Personal Liberty) to include the right to travel abroad, significantly broadening the scope of personal liberties under the Constitution.

If any answer found wrong, Please comment.

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