Environment MCQs 6

Polity MCQs

1. What is the main objective of the Nagoya Protocol?

a) To conserve marine ecosystems b) To facilitate access to genetic resources and ensure fair sharing of benefits c) To reduce emissions from deforestation and forest degradation d) To regulate hazardous waste transport

b) The Nagoya Protocol is a supplementary agreement to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), aimed at ensuring fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from the utilization of genetic resources. It promotes sustainable use and conservation of biodiversity and strengthens the rights of countries and communities over their genetic resources.

2. Which chemical element is primarily responsible for biomagnification in aquatic food chains?

a) Calcium b) Mercury c) Nitrogen d) Phosphorus

b) Mercury is a toxic heavy metal that undergoes biomagnification in aquatic food chains. This process increases mercury concentrations in organisms at each trophic level, particularly affecting top predators such as fish, birds, and mammals, including humans. Mercury exposure can lead to severe health issues, including neurological damage, as highlighted in the Minamata Convention on Mercury.

3. What is the main purpose of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), adopted in 1992?

a) To regulate carbon emissions b) To promote sustainable use of biodiversity c) To enforce fishing quotas d) To ban plastic use worldwide

b) The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), adopted at the Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro in 1992, focuses on the conservation of biological diversity, the sustainable use of its components, and the fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from genetic resources.

4. What significant environmental goal was set during the Stockholm Conference in 1972?

a) Establishment of national parks worldwide b) Promotion of sustainable development c) Ban on nuclear weapons testing d) Elimination of plastic waste

b) The Stockholm Conference (United Nations Conference on the Human Environment) in 1972 marked the first major international gathering focused on environmental issues. It set the stage for global environmental governance and emphasized the need for sustainable development, balancing economic growth with environmental protection.

5. Which year did the Minamata Convention on Mercury come into effect, aiming to protect human health and the environment from anthropogenic emissions and releases of mercury?

a) 2005 b) 2010 c) 2013 d) 2017

d) The Minamata Convention on Mercury was adopted in 2013 and came into effect in 2017. It aims to protect human health and the environment from mercury emissions, named after the Minamata disease caused by severe mercury poisoning.

6. The United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) was established in response to which environmental crisis, and in what year?

a) Water scarcity, 1987 b) Soil degradation, 1994 c) Air pollution, 2001 d) Deforestation, 2005

b) The United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) was established in 1994 to address land degradation and desertification, particularly in arid, semi-arid, and dry sub-humid areas, with a focus on sustainable land management.

7. What major environmental policy was established by the European Union in 2000 to protect and enhance water quality?

a) Clean Air Act b) Water Framework Directive c) Habitat Directive d) Plastic Waste Directive

b) The Water Framework Directive (WFD) was adopted by the European Union in 2000. It aims to protect and enhance the quality of water resources across Europe by promoting sustainable water use, reducing pollution, and ensuring a high level of environmental protection.

8. Which 2010 protocol focuses on the equitable sharing of benefits arising from the use of genetic resources?

a) Paris Protocol b) Nagoya Protocol c) Cartagena Protocol d) Montreal Protocol

b) The Nagoya Protocol on Access to Genetic Resources and the Fair and Equitable Sharing of Benefits Arising from their Utilization (ABS) was adopted in 2010 under the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD). It aims to ensure that benefits from genetic resources are shared fairly and equitably, promoting sustainable use and conservation.

9. Which environmental conference, held in 1992, is often referred to as the Earth Summit?

a) Stockholm Conference b) Rio Conference c) Kyoto Summit d) Copenhagen Summit

b) The Rio Conference, officially known as the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), was held in 1992 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It is commonly referred to as the Earth Summit and led to the adoption of key environmental agreements, including the Rio Declaration, Agenda 21, and the establishment of the CBD and UNFCCC.

10. In which year did the IPCC release its first Assessment Report on climate change, outlining the scientific basis for global warming?

a) 1988 b) 1990 c) 1995 d) 2001

b) The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) released its first Assessment Report in 1990. The report provided the first comprehensive assessment of scientific knowledge on climate change, laying the foundation for subsequent international climate negotiations and agreements, including the UNFCCC.

If any answer found wrong, Please comment.

---

© 2025 UnIQ Coaching. All rights reserved.